PSG has now secured the prestigious cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger opened the net early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to take a surprise lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of fortune, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, saving crucial kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after achieving a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen seasons.